Incidence and Risk Factors in Retinopathy of Prematurity.

Cho, Young Uk; Koo, Bon Sin

Original Article

Journal of the Korean Ophthalmological Society 1993;34(9):851-859.
Published online September 1, 1993.

Incidence and Risk Factors in Retinopathy of Prematurity.

Young Uk Cho, Bon Sin Koo

Department of Ophthalmology, Fatima Hospital, Daegu, Korea.

미숙아 망막증의 발생율 및 위험인자

조영욱(Young Uk Cho),구본신(Bon Sin Koo)

Abstract

The incidence of retinopathy of prematurity(ROP) was observed in 194 infants admitted in our nursery room, who had birthweighs less than 2000 gm, or who had gestational ages less than 37 weeks and received supplemental oxygen therapy. To minimize the multiple correlation of birthweights and gestational ages with other possible risk factors of ROP, we selected a control group of normal infants whose birthweights or gestational ages were similar to ROP group, and then other risk factors were analyzed statisticully through a case-control study. Among 194 infants, 41 infants(21%) were diagnosed as ROP. The incidence of ROP was 48%(24/50) in infants with birthweights less than 1500 gm , 41%(28/68) in infants with gestational ages less than 32 weeks(p<0.001). In the case-control study, there were statistically significant differences in the duration of oxygen therapy and the maximal oxygen concentration betweenROP and control group, and long duration(>or=5 days) ahd high concentration(>or=40%) were highly associated with ROP(p<0.01). Other statistically significant risk factors included mechanical ventilation duration, 5 minutes Apgar score, apnea of prematurity, blood transfusion, anemia, asphyxia neonatorum, respiratory distress syndrome, xanthine administration, and parity, cesarean section, pregnancy induced hypertension in mother's factors(p<0.05).

Key Words: Case-control study;Incidence;Retinopathy of prematurity;Risk factors